Mission Overview

A PSF-Based Approach to TESS High Quality Data Of Stellar Clusters (PATHOS)

 

Primary Investigator: Domenico Nardiello

HLSP Authors: Domenico Nardiello

Released: 2019-10-09

Updated: 2022-01-31

Primary Reference(s): Nardiello et al. 2019Nardiello et al. 2020a, Nardiello et al. 2020bNardiello et al. 2021

DOI: 10.17909/t9-es7m-vw14

Citations: See ADS Statistics

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PATHOS Logo
Logo credits: Viviana Taranto (taranto.viviana8@gmail.com)

Overview

The PATHOS project provides a database of high-precision light curves for members of stellar clusters, obtained by extracting photometry from TESS Full Frame Images. Light curves are obtained with an innovative PSF-based approach, that involves the use of empirical Point Spread Functions (PSFs), a high-angular resolution input catalogue (Gaia DR2) and neighbor-subtraction. The PSF-based approach minimises the dilution effects in crowded environments, enabling extraction of high-precision photometry for stars in the faint regime (T > 13).  The PATHOS database contains all the light curves extracted during the project, as well as light curves requested for other projects. Light curves of specific targets can be requested by contacting the project managers.

Data Release 1 (2019-10-09)

The PATHOS DR1 contains light curves of 16277 stars located in the dense region centered on the globular cluster 47 Tuc and observed by TESS in Sector 1. The catalog of the stars is described in Nardiello et al. (2019).

Data Release 2 (2020-05-27)

The PATHOS DR2 contains 219256 light curves of 162901 stars located in 645 open clusters located in the southern ecliptic hemisphere and observed by TESS in Sectors 1-13. The list of stars is based on the catalog by Cantat-Gaudin et al. (2018), a list of cluster members whose membership probabilities are calculated by using Gaia DR2 proper motions and parallaxes.

Data Release 3 (2020-09-08)

The PATHOS DR3 contains 7150 light curves of 4459 stars located in 5 young associations observed by TESS in Sectors 7-13, excluding Sector 10.  A total of 9 candidate exoplanets (of which 2 are TOI's) have been detected among association members. The catalog of the analyzed stars is described in Nardiello et al. (2020b).

Single Object (2021-01-26)

Luhman 16AB (Apai, Nardiello, & Bedin 2021), TIC 0936441397 in Sector 10.

In addition, a catalog of exoplanet candidates is provided in Nardiello et al. (2020).  A portilon of the table is provided here for reference.  For additional columns and uncertainties, consult Table 3 in Nardiello et al. (2020).

Data Release 4 (2021-06-04)

The PATHOS DR4 contains 150216 light curves of  89858 stars located in 411 northern ecliptic hemisphere open clusters observed by TESS in Sectors 14-26.  A total of 39 candidate exoplanets  have been detected among the members of these open clusters. A description of the analyzed stars is reported in Nardiello et al. (2021).

Data Release Group X (2022-01-31)

The PATHOS Group X release contains the 770 light curves of 168 star members of the moving group Group X. The analysis is reported in Messina et al. (2022)

TIC ID PATHOS ID Cluster RA (deg) Dec. (deg) Period (day) T0 (BTJD) Rp/R* Note
0394126269  Galactic Field  2.8796  -70.9869  3.8582  1339.677  0.152   
0030654608  Muzzio 1  134.3845  -47.8477  2.4955  1519.662  0.048   
0039291805  NGC 2112  88.7164  -0.0484  7.1719  1469.033  0.190   
0042524156  ASCC 88  256.8882  -35.5036  10.0130  1631.474  0.125   
0080317933  Collinder 292  237.9156  -57.2797  3.2098  1625.529  0.232   
0088977253  NGC 2548  123.0977  -5.7687  2.7677  1492.708  0.146  TOI-496
0092835691  SAI 91  129.1193  -50.1497  22.3661  1527.825  0.214   
0094589619  NGC 2437  115.7338  -14.5810  12.0829  1496.198  0.187   
0125414447  NGC 2323  105.7303  -8.4369  3.7069  1493.200  0.229   
0126600730  10  Haffner 14  116.0772  -28.3253  6.2991  1497.305  0.102   
0144995073  11  NGC 2669  131.4641  -52.9284  20.0207  1518.823  0.240   
0147069011  12  Alessi 8  232.8684  -51.1783  7.3270  1628.559  0.448   
0147426828  13  NGC 2318  104.8768  -13.2535  1.4618  1492.845  0.221   
0153734545  14  NGC 2527  121.2402  -28.1462  3.2196  1493.665  0.187   
0153735144  15  NGC 2527  121.1537  -28.2948  3.7785  1493.406  0.178   
0159059181  16  NGC 2112  88.3711  +0.4239  5.2167  1471.198  0.162   
0181602717  17  NGC 2671  131.7366  -41.9773  2.4557  1517.489  0.246   
0236084210  18  ASCC 85  251.5388  -45.3214  5.3465  1631.974  0.182   
0300362600  19  NGC 5316  208.3975  -62.0764  11.6556  1602.169  0.213   
0306385801  20  NGC 3532  166.6553  -58.8608  14.0367  1575.028  0.110   
0308538095  21  NGC 2516  120.8514  -60.6655  11.6929  1420.294  0.130   
0317536999  22  Ruprecht 94  172.5414  -63.1323  5.8557  1576.007  0.178   
0372913337  23  NGC 2516  119.4918  -60.8459  1.7860  1325.341  0.045   
0389927567  24  Melotte 101  160.2669  -65.5215  6.9408  1575.805  0.261   
0410450228  25  NGC 2516  117.8949  -60.4124  15.7784  1420.250  0.095  TOI-681
0413809436  26  NGC 5925  232.0979  -54.5586  2.7030  1627.336  0.233   
0419091401  27  Ruprecht 48  120.6352  -31.9951  12.7071  1499.685  0.188   
0432564189  28  Ruprecht 82  146.5229  -53.9787  3.7611  1546.783  0.120   
0450610413  29  Harvard 5  186.7427  -60.6906  10.6780  1600.682  0.176   
0460205581  30  IC 2602  157.0373  -64.5052  8.3252  1574.271  0.059  TOI-837
0460950389  31  IC 2602  159.1580  -64.7982  2.8622  1572.224  0.042   
0462004618  32  NGC 3114  149.9120  -59.9032  2.3669  1544.599  0.172   
0748919024  33  Ruprecht 151  115.1315  -16.3216  2.5395  1494.064  0.118   
1036769612  34  Trumpler 22  217.5064  -61.3249  7.4732  1599.298  0.111   
0081353413 35 Gamma Vel 123.0858 -47.0901 2.0865 1492.869 0.132  
0081419525 36 Gamma Vel 123.1083 -46.1092 1.5498 1518.383 0.053 TOI-580
0095003423 37 Lupus 242.5225 -31.4072 1.5268 1630.461 0.202  
0123755508 38 Gamma Vel 115.8049 -47.7691 15.2869 1492.575 0.128  
0238235254 39 Gamma Vel 119.8065 -49.9738 5.5705 1497.200 0.127  
0238379370 40 Gamma Vel 120.7447 -49.0184 27.1769 1511.748 0.079  
0307610438 41 Lupus 229.0335 -38.8753 1.5615 1601.955 0.072 TOI-831
0374732772 42 Lupus 242.1279 -38.4741 18.7944 1632.117 0.077  
0411662605 43 Lupus 244.4028 -50.3948 1.5610 1631.386 0.056  
0013416465 44 NGC 6910 305.4104 40.6532 5.5776 1688.665 0.282  
0013866376 45 NGC 6910 305.6858 40.5015 9.3972 1686.476 0.075  
0013875852 46 NGC 6910 305.7604 40.9818 8.3300 1684.099 0.255  
0050361536 47 NGC 1027 40.4690 61.7671 12.9725 1793.465 0.327  
0051022999 48 NGC 1027 41.9287 61.6554 7.7336 1794.506 0.219  
0065557265 49 NGC 7789 359.1359 57.0475 1.6828 1785.339 0.114  
0067424670 50 NGC 752 29.0476 37.9182 1.1328 1790.941 0.188  
0106235729 51 NGC 6871 301.0821 35.7889 4.0550 1684.418 0.366  
0154304816 52 Alessi 37 342.4106 46.3500 3.8552 1742.164 0.259  
0185779182 53 RSG 5 302.5300 45.0274 70.0427 1711.871 0.228  
0251494772 54 SAI 25 45.3145 57.1103 5.3034 1795.088 0.121  
0251975224 55 King 20 353.1928 58.3744 3.5618 1956.781 0.187  
0260167199 56 IC 1396 325.3457 57.1089 17.6348 1741.326 0.312  
0269519402 57 Gulliver 49 350.6974 61.9366 3.3736 1806.271 0.120  
0270022396 58 NGC 7654 351.2741 61.6596 3.7786 1807.429 0.347  
0270618239 59 NGC 6811 293.6701 46.2956 2.6377 1683.548 0.217  
0270920839 60 Czernik 44 353.5841 62.0029 5.2236 1768.090 0.151  
0271443321 61 SAI 149 354.4998 60.5393 5.9718 1765.415 0.393  
0285249796 62 ASCC 13 78.2136 44.5317 4.7520 1816.836 0.257  
0298292983 63 NGC 6940 308.6667 27.8038 1.2816 1701.051 0.146  
0316246231 64 King 6 51.9527 56.5553 8.5751 1795.982 0.360  
0323717669 65 RSG 8 348.0553 59.4878 4.2378 1955.852 0.169  
0326483210 66 FSR 0342 331.8775 53.3684 3.8130 1741.329 0.200  
0332258412 67 NGC 457 19.5199 58.7259 7.1465 1794.905 0.371  
0334949878 68 Alessi Teutsch 5 331.7424 60.5581 19.4784 1741.392 0.349  
0348608380 69 NGC 884 35.5582 57.3225 16.3026 1806.922 0.380  
0356973763 70 NGC 6997 314.4065 44.5798 10.0250 1720.499 0.104  
0377619148 71 NGC 7510 348.0732 60.4962 19.8963 1784.408 0.373  
0408094816 72 NGC 7142 326.3290 65.7443 5.4037 1743.980 0.172  
0408358709 73 NGC 7142 326.6784 65.7431 6.3320 1741.434 0.337  
0417058223 74 NGC 7086 322.8993 51.7531 5.4767 1712.263 0.347  
0420288086 75 NGC 225 10.9627 61.8356 6.5343 1769.585 0.043 TOI-1535
0421630760 76 IC 1396 324.6780 57.8705 4.1869 1742.859 0.095  
0427943483 77 NGC 7209 331.5198 46.8716 6.2981 1738.788 0.238  
0602870459 78 NGC 457 19.2565 58.4526 3.1259 1792.949 0.333  
0645455722 79 King 5 48.2841 52.2956 2.7663 1794.690 0.190  
0645713782 80 King 6 52.1609 56.5984 6.8572 1790.975 0.317  
1961935435 81 NGC 7024 316.4611 41.5474 2.7707 1713.398 0.202  
2015243161 82 NGC 7245 333.8243 54.2961 11.5026 1746.036 0.325  

Data Products

Each target has a FITS and TXT version of the light curves available.  The files are stored in sub-directories based on the Sector they are in as a 4-digit, zero-padded number, e.g., "s0001/" for Sector 1.  The data file naming convention is:

hlsp_pathos_tess_lightcurve_tic-<ticid>-<sector>_tess_v1_<ext>

where:

  • <ticid> = The 10-digit, zero-padded TIC ID of the target
  • <sector> = The Sector number as a 4-digit, zero-padded value, e.g., "s0001" for Sector 1
  • <ext> = The data file type extension

Data file types:

_llc.fits The light curve file in FITS format.
_llc.txt The light curve file in TEXT format.

 

The available columns include the raw fluxes from the PSF-based approach and four different aperture sizes (PSF_FLUX_RAW, AP{1,2,3,4}_FLUX_RAW) and the corrected fluxes (PSF_FLUX_COR, AP{1,2,3,4}_FLUX_COR).  The TIME column is in barycentric-corrected, truncated TESS Julian Date (BJD - 2457000.0).

Data Access

PATHOS data products are available in the MAST Portal and astroquery.mast.  For those who want to download all the light curves for a given Sector, the following Python code example below will query for all the available PATHOS observations for a given Sector (should take a few minutes) and then download the light curve FITS files.  NOTE: There are tens of thousands of light curves for a given Sector, thus downloading all of the products can take the better part of a day, even with good internet connections.  By default, the light curve files will be downloaded under a folder called "mastDownload" in the same working directory that your run the Python script from.

from astroquery.mast import Observations
sector_num = '1'
print('Querying for PATHOS Sector ' + sector_num + " Observations...")
obsTable = Observations.query_criteria(provenance_name = "PATHOS",
                                       sequence_number = sector_num)
print("Found a total of " + str(len(obsTable)) + " PATHOS targets.")
print('Downloading data products for these observations...')
for obs in obsTable:
    data_products = Observations.get_product_list(obs)
    Observations.download_products(data_products)
  • A web-based interface for cross-mission searches of data at MAST or the Virtual Observatory. Download PATHOS light curves for a few targets.
  • Search for, and retrieve, PATHOS data products programmatically based on a list of coordinates or target names.

Citations

Please remember to cite the appropriate paper(s) below and the DOI if you use these data in a published work. 

Note: These HLSP data products are licensed for use under CC BY 4.0.

References