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ELECTRONIC NEWSLETTER OF THE EUVE OBSERVATORY
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Vol 4, No. 6 14 Jun 1994 ISSN 1065-3597
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Notes from the Editor
=====================
by Brett A. Stroozas, Data Analysis Support Staff (DASS)
and Archive Manager
Welcome to the electronic newsletter for NASA's Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer
(EUVE) satellite, which is compiled and published monthly by the EUVE Public
Science Archive group at the Center for EUV Astrophysics (CEA) in Berkeley,
CA. The EUVE observatory performed well throughout the month of May, completing
observations of the following Guest Observer (GO) targets: the planet Jupiter,
the star 44i Boo, the B8Vne star HR4804, the BL Lac object PKS2155+304, and the
White Dwarf HZ43. A four-day engineering test was also conducted; analysis of
the data is in progress.
The contents of this issue of the EUVE electronic newsletter are as follows:
1. EUVE User's Committee Extended Mission Proposal Presented at AAS
2. Notes from the EUVE Guest Observer Program
2.1 UCB Principal Investigator Guaranteed Time Observations (GTO)
2.2 Target of Opportunity: VW Hyi
2.3 Third EUVE GO NRA
3. Abstracts of Recently *Accepted* EUVE Papers
4. NASA's EUVE Observatory Researchers Share a Ride with Educators on the
Information Superhighway
5. Notes from the EUVE Science Archive
5.1 GO Data Release List for July and August 1994
5.2 Accessing the Archive
6. Job Listings at CEA
To comment on, make suggestions for, or request subscriptions to the EUVE
electronic newsletter, send e-mail to ceanews@cea.berkeley.edu (Internet).
1. EUVE User's Committee Extended Mission Proposal Presented at AAS
===================================================================
by Dr. Harry Shipman, EUVE User's Committee Chairman
The EUVE Users' Committee presented the current version of our proposal for
an EUVE extended mission at an AAS meeting. We held another lunchtime session
at the AAS meeting in Minneapolis. Even though the total number of people at
the whole meeting was smaller (it was held over Memorial Day Weekend), we still
had a standing-room only crowd at our session.
EUVE has, in fact, done a great deal of good science so far. The highlights
presented at Minneapolis included the discovery of high temperature, high
density plasma in cool star coronas, the factor of 30 excess EUV emission in
the B star Epsilon CMa, the EUV spectra from the inner parts of the accretion
region in cataclysmic variables (CV's), the asymmetry in the Io torus, the
discovery of helium on Mars, the ionization and structure of the local
interstellar medium (ISM), and the direct detection of the ionizing energy
source in the quasar Markarian 421.
The Users' Group will propose that the extended mission include a small
number of key projects which will occupy approximately 50% of the available
observing time, with the remaining available observing time being devoted to
GO projects of the sort that are currently being done. Our proposal will
describe a number of "candidate key projects." At the present time, these are:
(i) What energizes stellar coronae? EUVE will make repeated, carefully
planned observations of a selected sample of cool stars to answer this
important astrophysical question.
(ii) What happens at the innermost edge of the accreting region in CV's to
radiate away the gravitational energy? Continued observations of CV's,
done as Targets of Opportunity, may answer this question.
(iii) What is the structure of the local ISM, and how is it ionized? High
signal-to-noise observations of all the white dwarfs within several
tens of parsecs, observations of white dwarfs in the low-density tunnel
towards Beta and Epsilon CMa, and further observations of these critical
B stars will both tell us about ISM physics and will also provide
crucial information on the physics of the white dwarf and B stars.
(iv) What energizes the Io torus? Carefully planned, repeated maps can answer
this question.
(v) What does the EUV spectrum of quasars and active galactic nuclei (AGN)
look like and is it indeed where most of the energy comes out? Because
these targets are faint in the EUV, this set of observations is
extensive enough so that it is a key project.
EUVE users with other ideas for key projects, or ideas on how to describe these
key projects, are encouraged to come forward now. The EUVE Users' Group plans
to write a "white paper" on the extended mission early this summer.
The Users' Group has also discussed the issue of an unfunded GO program, and
has taken the position that funding of the GO program is a very important part
of getting the best science out of EUVE. However, we are not taking a hardline
position that if there's no funding for the GO program there should be no
extended mission. Please communicate with the users' group if you have any
thoughts on the extended mission or on the way that EUVE is operating.
2. Notes from the EUVE Guest Observer Program
=============================================
2.1 UCB Principal Investigator Guaranteed Time Observations (GTO)
-----------------------------------------------------------------
by Dr. Ron Oliversen, Deputy Project Scientist at GSFC
The U.C. Berkeley Principal Investigator is allocated 5% of the available
Episode 2 spectroscopy observing time under the terms of the agreement with
NASA regarding the construction and operation of the EUVE instruments. No
approved GTO target is allowed to duplicate any selected Episode 2 Guest
Observer Type 1 or Type 2 target. The GTO target has the same scheduling
priority as a GO Type 1 target. The GTO targets are listed below:
MKN279 200 ksec
GD50 70 ksec
PSRJ0108-1431 100 ksec
PSR0656+14 100 ksec
2.2 Target of Opportunity: VW Hyi
----------------------------------
by Anne Miller, EGO Center Technical Writer
The Spectrometers were used to observe the Target of Opportunity (TOO)
VW Hyi on 2 June for Guest Observer Dr. Christopher Mauche of Lawrence Livermore
Laboratory. VW Hyi, a CV, went into double-outburst and was observed with up
to 12 counts per second in the deep survey Lexan/boron filter (70-180 A). The
short- and medium-wavelength detectors were used to record data during orbit
day and night; the deep survey detector was turned off for most of the
observation to prevent detector degradation. We hear that the data for this
source is outstanding.
2.3 Third EUVE GO NRA
---------------------
by Anne Miller, EGO Center Technical Writer
The third EUVE Guest Observer Program NASA Research Announcement (NRA) is
due to be released on 15 June. All of the Appendices to the Announcement of
Opportunity, including proposal forms and the the Guest Observer Handbook, will
be available from the CEA/EUVE anonymous ftp site (ftp.cea.berkeley.edu)
after the Announcement has been mailed. The ftp site is most easily accessed
via the CEA HomePage on the World Wide Web:
http://ftp.cea.berkeley.edu
After opening the HomePage, click on the icon labeled "ftp", then on the
directory "pub" and then "nra94". See the README files for more directions
and information. The World Wide Web can be accessed by a variety of client
programs, including NCSA Mosaic, the University of Kansas's LYNX, and others.
3. Abstracts of Recently *Accepted* EUVE Papers
===============================================
Included below are abstracts of EUVE-related papers recently *accepted*
for publication. GOs are encouraged to contribute *accepted* abstracts for
inclusion in future editions of this newsletter and for posting under the EGO
Center Mosaic "Home Page". All abstracts should be sent to
egoinfo@cea.berkeley.edu.
For those papers authored by CEA scientists, the EUVE publication number is
indicated. Unless otherwise noted, researchers may obtain (p)reprints of these
papers by sending an e-mail request along with the publication number(s) of
interest to pub@cea.berkeley.edu.
--------------------------------------------------------------
EXTREME ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROPHOTOMETRY OF HD15638 AND HR8210 (IK PEG)
M.A. Barstow, J.B. Holberg and and D.Koester
To appear in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
The main sequence stars HR8210 (IK Peg) and HD15638 have both been found
to have DA white dwarf companions by observations with the IUE satellite,
following their discovery as bright EUV sources by the ROSAT Wide Field Camera.
Accurate estimates of the temperature and surface gravity of each white dwarf,
based on the IUE data, were only possible when external constraints such as the
distance to the primary were applied. We present Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer
observations of each of these systems. From the resulting spectra we are able
to measure the temperature and surface gravity of each white dwarf with much
greater accuracy than possible with the earlier data. We demonstrate that the
white dwarf atmospheres have H layers sufficiently thick that they appear as
pure H DAs. There is no direct evidence for the presence of any additional
material in the photospheres that might have come from interactions with the
primaries. However, an inconsistency between the temperature of the HD15638
white dwarf obtained from the EUVE spectrum, with a pure H model atmosphere,
and that derived from the UV data might be explained by very small traces of
heavy element pollution. The distance we estimate for the white dwarf in
HR8210 is consistent with that to the A star, indicating that the A star has
not departed from single star evolution nor has it evolved away from the main
sequence. Measurements of the interstellar column densities yield HeI/HI
ratios consistent with cosmic abundances.
Key words: stars: binaries -- stars: atmospheres -- white dwarfs --
ultraviolet: stars - X-rays: stars.
--------------------------------------------------------------
FIRST MEASUREMENT OF HELIUM ON MARS: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROBLEM OF
RADIOGENIC GASES ON THE TERRESTRIAL PLANETS
V.A. Krasnopolsky, S. Bowyer, S. Chakrabarti, G.R. Gladstone, and J.S. McDonald
To appear in Icarus.
One hundred-eight photons of the Martian He 584 A airglow detected by the
Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer satellite during a two-day exposure (1993 January
22-23) correspond to the effective disk average intensity of 43 +/ -10 Rayleigh.
Radiative transfer calculations, using a model atmosphere appropriate to the
conditions of the observation and having an exospheric temperature of 210 +/- 20
K, result in a He mixing ratio of 1.1 +/- 0.4 ppm in the lower atmosphere.
Nonthermal escape of helium is due to electron impact ionization and pickup of
He^+ by the solar wind, to collisions with hot oxygen atoms, and to charge
exchange with molecular species with corresponding column loss rates of 1.4e5,
3e4, and 7e3 cm^(-2) s^(-1), respectively. The lifetime of helium on Mars is
5e4 yr, and it appears that outgassing processes have been rather strong on
Mars. The He outgassing rate, coupled with the (40)Ar atmospheric abundance
and with the K:U:Th ratio measured in the surface rocks, is used as input to
a single two-reservoir degassing model which presumes the loss of all argon
accumulated in the atmosphere during the first Gyr by large-scale impacts. The
model results in total planet mass ratios of 1e-5 g/g for K, 2.3e-9 g/g for U,
8.5e-9 g/g for Th, 4e-10 g/g for He, and 1.5e-9 g.g for (40)Ar. The predicted
radiogenic heat flux is 2 erg cm^(-2) s^(-1). Similar modeling for Venus
results in total planet mass ratios of 4.7e-5 g/g for K, 6.7e-9 g/g for U,
2.2e-8 g/g for Th, 1.3e-9 g.g for He, 6.7e-9 g/g for (40)Ar, and a radiogenic
heat flux of 15 erg cm^(-2) s^(-1). The implications of these results are
discussed.
--------------------------------------------------------------
4. NASA's EUVE Observatory Researchers Share a Ride
with Educators on the Information Superhighway
===================================================
by the CEA Educational Outreach Group
The Center for EUV Astrophysics (CEA) this month unveiled an innovative
resource for educators worldwide. The CEA Education Outreach Mosaic Page on
the Internet World Wide Web was opened to the public May 16. By participating
in CEA's Education Outreach programs, teachers from the K-12 community have
learned about Mosaic and the rich resources available on the "Information
Superhighway."
"One of CEA's primary goals is to use the EUVE satellite mission's exciting
scientific discoveries as a tool for educational outreach involving K-12
teachers, students, and the general public," explains Dr. Isabel Hawkins, CEA
education outreach coordinator.
Hawkins and Nellie Levandovsky, a physics teacher at San Francisco's Galileo
High School, presented papers describing an innovative class for teachers at a
special session of the American Astronomical Society Meeting in Minneapolis.
Due to advances in communication and hardware technology, teachers, students,
and the general public now have an opportunity to access Mosaic from schools
and homes using the "Lynx" system. The Mosaic Universal Resource Locator
address on Internet for the CEA/EUVE Home Page is
http://ftp.cea.berkeley.edu/HomePage.html.
A key element of CEA's Education Outreach Program focused on a semester-long
course for K-12 teachers entitled ASTRO 650: "Satellite Mission Operations."
This class, a collaboration between CEA and San Francisco State University,
was funded by a NASA Astrophysics Division Grant Supplement for Education
(AGSE), a program headed by Drs. Jeff Rosendhal and Cheri Morrow of NASA
Headquarters Astrophysics Division.
During the last third of the semester, the course instructor, CEA astronomer
Hawkins assisted the teachers in designing lesson plans based on the EUVE and
other NASA satellite missions as Mosaic pages which will be available on the
Internet and accessible to educators worldwide.
In keeping with NASA Administrator Daniel Goldin's directive that the space
agency's employees become involved in education outreach activities, the CEA
EUVE Education Outreach Mosaic page highlights CEA's programs, including K-12
school outreach, public events, and undergraduate enrichment.
"FaxFriends" a pilot collaboration between CEA and the diverse Lodi Unified
School District, allows teachers and students to ask space science and astronomy
questions via facsimile transmission. CEA scientists and other staff members
make related information from EUVE and other NASA missions available. CEA has
introduced the program "FaxAmigos" which allows Spanish-speaking students to
participate in this program and read previously-asked questions that have been
translated into Spanish on CEA's Mosaic page.
Fernando Astorga, Jennifer Moriarta, and Rachel Brandstetter are some of
CEA's undergraduate student employees who will spend the summer at the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, CA, or at NASA/Ames in Mountain View, CA,
as part of internship exchange programs. These students will be investigating
artificial intelligence software, implementing satellite ground control stations
similar to backyard television receiver dishes, and assisting in the development
of artificial intelligence applications for science planning. All of these
techniques will be applied to the EUVE satellite as a test-bed for innovative
and low-cost approaches to mission operations.
5. Notes from the EUVE Science Archive
======================================
by Brett A. Stroozas, DASS/Archive Manager
5.1 GO Data Release List for July and August 1994
-------------------------------------------------
The table below lists the GO observations which become public on 1 July
and 1 August 1994. For each entry is given the target name, the approximate
exposure time in kiloseconds, the GMT start and end date(s) for the observation,
the spectral type of the target, an indication of which (if any) EUVE CD-ROM
on which the observation appears, and the data identification code. All public
data sets may be ordered from the archive via CEA electronic or postal mail.
Please be sure to include in your order the DataID(s) of interest.
The data rights policy on GO observations states that the GO has proprietary
rights to the data for one year from the date (s)he receives it. It is often
the case that long observations are broken up over many months; e.g. an
observation approved for 60 ksec may actually be observed for 10 ksec one
month, 20 ksec the next and 30 ksec three months later. In such cases the
one-year proprietary period begins after (s)he receives the final piece of
the complete observation. An exception to the one-year rule occurs when the
target was designated for calibration purposes. At the discretion of the
EUVE Project Scientist, calibration observations be released early (usually
by only a few months), before the expiration of the normal one-year period.
In the list below, calibration targets have been marked with a "*".
=====================================================================
Target ~Exp Observation Date(s) SpT CD-ROM DataID
Name (ksec) Start End
=====================================================================
Data Sets Available 1 July 1994:
ALPHA_VIR 71 9 May 1993 - 12 May 1993 B1IV ---- go0061
BETA_CEN 94 24 May 1993 - 28 May 1993 B1II ---- go0062
DELTA_CEN 6 18 Apr 1993 - 18 Apr 1993 B2IV ---- go0059
DELTA_CEN 30 1 Apr 1993 - 2 Apr 1993 B2IV ---- go0058
ETA_CEN 150 4 May 1993 - 9 May 1993 B1.5 ---- go0064
FEIGE24 23 25 Nov 1993 - 26 Nov 1993 WD ---- go0076 *
FEIGE24 26 15 Oct 1993 - 16 Oct 1993 WD ---- go0072 *
G191-B2B 62 28 Oct 1993 - 30 Oct 1993 WD ---- go0073 *
HD131156 74 2 Apr 1993 - 5 Apr 1993 G+K ---- go0052
HS1234+4811 86 19 Feb 1993 - 22 Feb 1993 WD ---- go0053
II_PEG 108 1 Oct 1993 - 5 Oct 1993 K1 ---- go0070 *
LAMBDA_SCO 99 2 Jun 1993 - 6 Jun 1993 B1V ---- go0068
MCT0455-2812 52 14 Nov 1993 - 16 Nov 1993 WD ---- go0074 *
MK478 65 16 Apr 1993 - 18 Apr 1993 AGN ---- go0055
MK478 66 14 Apr 1993 - 16 Apr 1993 AGN ---- go0056
MK478 70 11 Apr 1993 - 14 Apr 1993 AGN ---- go0057
MR_SER 44 1 Jun 1993 - 2 Jun 1993 CV ---- go0067
MU_CEN 39 7 Apr 1993 - 9 Apr 1993 B2IV ---- go0054
NGC5548 351 10 Mar 1993 - 23 Mar 1993 AGN ---- go0060
PG1159-035 37 6 Apr 1993 - 7 Apr 1993 WD ---- go0065
PROXIMA_CEN 86 21 May 1993 - 24 May 1993 M5.5 ---- go0063
RE1849-033 28 6 Jun 1993 - 7 Jun 1993 NOID ---- go0069
SIRIUS_B 45 22 Nov 1993 - 23 Nov 1993 WD ---- go0075 *
V834_CEN 41 28 May 1993 - 29 May 1993 CV ---- go0066
WD2309+105 27 5 Oct 1993 - 6 Oct 1993 WD ---- go0071 *
Data Sets Available 1 Aug 1994:
ALTAIR 88 27 Jun 1993 - 30 Jun 1993 A7V ---- go0077
G191-B2B 25 7 Dec 1993 - 8 Dec 1993 WD ---- go0084 *
H1504+65 68 5 Dec 1993 - 7 Dec 1993 WD ---- go0085 *
MOON 1 9 Apr 1993 - 9 Apr 1993 SS ---- go0083
MOON 4 5 Apr 1993 - 5 Apr 1993 SS ---- go0082
NGC5548 65 12 May 1993 - 14 May 1993 AGN ---- go0081
NGC5548 75 26 Apr 1993 - 29 Apr 1993 AGN ---- go0078
NGC5548 75 29 Apr 1993 - 1 May 1993 AGN ---- go0079
NGC5548 75 1 May 1993 - 4 May 1993 AGN ---- go0080
=====================================================================
5.2 Accessing the Archive
-------------------------
Listed below are the various methods for accessing EUVE archival material:
o CEA World Wide Web URL:
http://ftp.cea.berkeley.edu (Mosaic/lynx remotely)
telnet ftp.cea.berkeley.edu 200 (lynx locally at CEA)
o NASA's Astrophysics Data System (general and account information):
http://adswww.colorado.edu/adswww/adshomepg.html (Mosaic/lynx)
ads@cuads.colorado.edu
o CD-ROM Series: Volumes 1.1, 2.1, and 2.2 (seven separate CDs) available
o e-mail: archive@cea.berkeley.edu
(include word "help" -- quotes omitted -- as body of message)
o anonymous FTP (or gopher): ftp.cea.berkeley.edu
o EUVE Electronic Newsletters: ceanews@cea.berkeley.edu (to subscribe)
o Postal Mail:
The EUVE Public Science Archive
Center for EUV Astrophysics
2150 Kittredge St.
Berkeley, CA 94720
510-642-3032 (voice) or 510-643-5660 (fax)
archive@cea.berkeley.edu
6. Job Listings at CEA
======================
by Cathie Jones, CEA Personnel Manager
CEA is currently accepting applications for the following job positions.
--------------------------------------------------------------
Postgraduate/Assistant Research (depending on experience)
University of California
Center for EUV Astrophysics
Attn: Cathie Jones (Personnel)
2150 Kittredge St.
Berkeley, CA 94720
The Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer (EUVE) Program at the Center for EUV
Astrophysics, of the University of California, Berkeley, has opening for a
Research Scientist. Successful applicant will support the acquisition, and
reduction of pointed data from the EUVE satellite. Duties will include
monitoring the progress of observation scheduling and data acquisition,
pipeline processing and data reductions and analysis. The researcher will
assist Guest Investigators, through the Guest Observer program and the EUVE
Archive program, in understanding the performance of the EUVE scientific
instruments as well as provide scientific advice regarding use of the EUVE
spectrometer analysis packages, written primarily in IRAF. Additional duties
will involve assisting in the development of complex data analysis algorithms
and models, to be made available to the Guest Investigator community in the
EUVE IRAF packages and EUVE public archive.
The work will be performed under the direction of the EUVE Science Support
Project Manager, and will interact with the associated science and programming
staff in the EUVE Public Archive and Guest Observer Center. A fraction of time
(10%) will be available to allow pursuit of independent research.
Applicants must have a Ph.D. in astronomy, physics, or a related field.
Experience supporting NASA Archival Research, Guest Observer, and Guest
Investigator programs required. Experience in satellite or ground-based
astronomical data analysis and the ability to carry out research in the field
of EUV astronomy is highly desirable. Experience with IRAF would be most
helpful.
Applications should include a curriculum vitae, bibliography and three
letters of recommendation and should be submitted by April 30, 1994. EOE/AAE.
--------------------------------------------------------------
Staff Research Associate I
University of California
Center for EUV Astrophysics
Attn: Cathie Jones (Personnel)
2150 Kittredge St.
Berkeley, CA 94720
The Center for EUV Astrophysics (CEA) seeks candidates for the position of
Staff Research Associate (SRA) I. The successful candidate will support the
Science Archive for the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer (EUVE) Satellite
Project. The SRA will handle Archive correspondence (e.g. answering questions
and filling order requests for data), participate in the organization and
maintenance of the Archive FTP and Mosaic sites, assist in the processing and
analysis of EUVE data sets to support public data releases, participate in the
production of EUVE CD-ROMs, and assist with activities (e.g. database and
service development, testing and installation) for the CEA node of NASA's
Astrophysics Data System (ADS). Other duties include documentation of work
results and support of Archive publications.
Required qualifications include a background in Astronomy, Physics, or other
applicable science, demonstrated knowledge of general astronomical data
reduction techniques, experience using astronomical data analysis packages
(especially IRAF), experience with shell scripts (C or Bourne) and the UNIX
operating system, strong organizational skills and attention to detail, and
excellent verbal and written communication skills. Desired qualifications
include previous experience with ADS, an ``operations-oriented'' (versus
``research-oriented'') work style, and experience programming in the C and/or
FORTRAN languages.
Applications should include a curriculum vitae and the names, addresses,
and phone numbers of three people whom we can contact for references.
The University of California is an Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action
Employer.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The EUVE Electronic Newsletter is issued by the Center for Extreme Ultraviolet
Astrophysics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. The opinions
expressed are those of the authors. EUVE Principal Investigators and Newsletter
Publishers: Drs. R.F. Malina and C.S. Bowyer. EGO and Archive Science Manger:
C.A. Christian. Archive Manager and Newsletter Editor: B.A. Stroozas. Funded
by NASA contracts NAS5-30180 and NAS5-29298. Send newsletter correspondence
to: ceanews@cea.berkeley.edu. The EUVE project is managed by NASA's GSFC.
The GSFC Project Manager: Paul Pashby, Project Scientist: Dr. Yoji Kondo,
Deputy Project Scientist: Dr. Ronald Oliversen. NASA HQ Program Scientist:
Dr. Robert Stachnik, Deputy Program Scientist: Dr. D. Buzasi, Program Manager:
Dr. G. Riegler. GSFC Project Operations Director: Mr. Kevin Hartnett.
Information on the EUVE Guest Observer Program is available from: Dr. Y.
Kondo, Mail Code 684, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 at (301) 286-6247 or e-mail to
euve@stars.span.nasa.gov.
END-----------EUVE------------ELECTRONIC---------------NEWS-------------END
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